Making up about 1% of tumors in cats, the most common types include squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), lymphoma, and carcinoma. Due to their hidden nature within the nasal cavity, these tumors are often difficult to detect and usually diagnosed at an advanced stage. Understanding the signs and symptoms of nasal cancer is crucial for early detection and better outcomes.
Signs & Symptoms of Nasal Cancer in Cats
If you notice any of the following symptoms in your cat, it’s important to consult your veterinarian as soon as possible.
1. Nasal Discharge
Nasal discharge is the most common sign of a nasal tumor. The discharge may contain mucus, pus, and blood. Cats often lick their noses, so you might need to check their bedding and blankets for evidence of nasal discharge.
2. Excessive Sneezing
Excessive sneezing, often mistaken for allergies or respiratory infections, can be a sign of nasal cancer. If your cat continues to sneeze even after treatment for other conditions, it may be a sign of a nasal tumor.
3. Loud Snoring
A quiet sleeper turning into a loud snorer might indicate a tumor blocking the nasal airways. Noisy breathing or shortness of breath when awake can also be signs.
4. Bloody Nose
A bloody nose can result from various issues, including trauma, allergies, infections, dental problems, or a tumor. Frequent nosebleeds, especially if they increase over time, require immediate veterinary attention.
5. Rubbing or Pawing at Face
Discomfort caused by a growing tumor might lead your cat to rub its face on surfaces or paw at it frequently.
6. Facial Deformity
As the tumor spreads, it can cause swelling and deformity of the face. This might include a misshapen nose, swelling, or abnormal bulging of the eyes due to tumor pressure.
7. Seizures
Advanced nasal cancer can invade the brain, leading to neurological signs like seizures or behavioral changes. These severe symptoms indicate an advanced stage and necessitate urgent veterinary care.
8. Other Signs of Cancer
Weight loss, persistent cough, and non-healing wounds are additional signs of cancer. For more details, refer to our article on the “Top 10 Warning Signs of Cancer in Your Pet.”
Diagnosis & Staging for Cat Nose Cancer
Diagnosing nasal cancer in cats involves several tests:
- Physical examination for facial symmetry and nasal airflow
- Blood work
- Tissue biopsy
- Fine needle aspiration
- Rhinoscopy
- Nasal and/or nasal radiographs
- CT scan
Treatment Options for Feline Nasal Tumors
Pain Management
Pain relief is a crucial first step, involving anti-inflammatory drugs and opioids.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy is the preferred treatment for nasal tumors in cats. Conventionally fractionated radiation therapy (CFRT) delivers radiation in smaller doses over multiple sessions to minimize side effects.
Stereotactic Radiation (SRS/SRT)
SRS/SRT is an advanced radiation therapy available at PetCure Oncology centers. It delivers high doses of radiation with sub-millimeter precision, causing maximum damage to the tumor with minimal collateral damage to healthy tissues. Benefits include:
- Fewer treatment sessions (1-3 sessions)
- Fewer anesthetic events, increasing safety
- Fast recovery with little to no side effects
- Ability to treat previously untreatable tumors
Cat Nasal Cancer: Life Expectancy, Survival & Prognosis
Prognosis varies, but the median survival time after advanced radiation therapy ranges from 6-18 months, depending on the cancer type and treatment timing. Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve the chances of successful outcomes.
Understanding the signs and seeking prompt veterinary care can make a significant difference in your cat’s health. If you suspect your cat may have nasal cancer, don’t delay—schedule an appointment with your veterinarian today.